January–June
- January 8 – Bonnie Prince Charlie occupies Stirling.
- January 17 – Battle of Falkirk: British Government forces are defeated by Jacobite forces.
- April 16 – The Battle of Culloden brings an end to the Jacobite Rising.
- June – Samuel Johnson is contracted to write his A Dictionary of the English Language.
- June 16 – Battle of Piacenza: Austrian forces defeat French and Spanish troops.
- June 29 – Catherine of Ricci (b. 1522) is canonized.
July–December
- August 1 – The wearing of the kilt is banned in Scotland by the Dress Act (Note: the actual effective date of the Dress Act was August 1, 1747, not 1746 – see the text at Dress Act).
- August 18 – Two of the four rebellious Scottish lords, Earl of Kilmarnock and Lord Balmeniro, are beheaded in the Tower (Lord Lovat was executed in 1747).
- September 20 – Bonnie Prince Charlie flees to the Isle of Skye from Arisaig, after the unsuccessful Jacobite rising of 1745, marked by the Prince's Cairn on the banks of Loch nan Uamh
- October 22 – The College of New Jersey is founded (it becomes Princeton University in 1896).
- October 28 – An earthquake demolishes Lima and Callao, in Peru.
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